1.  Causes of compassion – different viewpoints

• Compassion due to soft heartedness of a pure devotee (1.28) – Ref. SB 5.18.12
  ⇒ By unflinching devotion unto Supreme Lord – all good qualities manifest
  ⇒ Non-devotee in contrast – He may be advanced by education & culture, but lacks godly qualities; hovering on mental plane, he is certain to be attracted by glaring energy
  ⇒ What indicates his soft-heartedness – Arjuna is sympathetic for “both the parties”
• False compassion due to material fear, namely loss of life – Indicates material conception of life (1.29 – 1.30)
  ⇒ Impatience – Due to this impatience Arjuna was unable to stay on the battlefield
  ⇒ Weakness of mind – Thus he was forgetting himself
  ⇒ Excessive attachment to material things – This puts a man in such a bewildered condition

2. Two kinds of trembling / Standing of hairs (1.29)

• Great spiritual ecstasy
• Great fear under material condition
  ⇒ Trembling mentioned in 1.29 is due to material fear – as evident from the symptoms from 1.29, slipping of Gandiva and burning skin

3. Cause of fearfulness– Ref. SB 11.2.37 “bhayam dvitiyabhinivesatahsyat…”

• Such fearfulness and loss of equilibrium takes place in a person too affected by material conditions
• Practical application – Do not be disturbed by material temporary changes because that is the nature of the material world

4. Importance of Nimittani-viparitani – To see only causes of misfortune

• Only pain and frustration
• No happiness – Not to be happy even by victory, it would only give lamentation

5. Causes of such frustrations in life

• Misdirected interest – Only interested in one’s own welfare
• Ignorance of real self-interest – Real self-interest is Vishnu’s satisfaction
  ⇒ Conditional nature is to forget this real self interest – this is the cause of material pain
  ⇒ Is Arjuna a conditioned soul – Arjuna is showing ignorance of his real self-interest by Krishna’s will